A precise measurement instrument is employed to determine minor variations in surface height or alignment. The device typically features a sensitive contact point that, when displaced, moves a needle on a graduated dial. This allows for the amplification and visualization of minute deviations, enabling accurate assessments of flatness, runout, or concentricity. For example, in machining, this tool confirms a workpiece is perfectly perpendicular to the cutting tool before beginning operation, preventing errors in the final product.
The utility of this instrument is widespread due to its accuracy in quality control and manufacturing processes. By providing quantifiable data on surface characteristics, it allows for consistent product dimensions and reduced waste. Historically, its development provided a significant advancement in precision engineering, replacing less accurate visual methods and contributing to higher standards in manufacturing and inspection. This allowed for increased interchangeability of parts and enhanced the efficiency of production lines.