The agricultural methodology under consideration describes a rotational system in which arable land is divided into three parts. One part is planted in the autumn with a winter crop, such as wheat or rye; the second part is planted with a spring crop, such as oats, barley, or legumes; and the third is left fallow. This rotation allows the soil to replenish its nutrients and reduces the incidence of crop-specific pests and diseases. A common example involved rotating wheat, barley/oats/peas, and allowing one field to lie fallow each year.
This method, particularly impactful in medieval Europe, offered significant advantages over earlier two-field systems. It increased overall agricultural output, contributing to population growth and improved nutrition. The fallow period allowed soil recovery, while crop diversification reduced risk and enhanced the overall resilience of agricultural economies. Its adoption represents a significant development in agricultural practices that influenced societal structures and economic development.