real

In property law, a legal doctrine prevents an individual from asserting rights that contradict prior actions, statements, or representations. It essentially stops someone from going back on their word or conduct if another party has reasonably relied on that word or conduct to their detriment. For instance, if a landlord consistently accepts rent payments after the due date without penalty, they may be barred from suddenly enforcing a late fee without prior notice because the tenant has come to rely on the established pattern.

This legal principle is vital in maintaining fairness and preventing injustice within property transactions. Its application provides security to parties who act in good faith, relying on the assurances or behavior of others. Historically, it has served as a tool to ensure equitable outcomes in disputes where strict adherence to contractual terms would lead to unfair results, fostering trust and stability in property dealings.

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Common Area Maintenance refers to the expenses associated with maintaining and operating shared spaces within a property. These costs are typically allocated to tenants in commercial real estate through lease agreements. Examples include landscaping, snow removal, janitorial services, and repairs to shared facilities. Such charges are distinct from base rent and property taxes.

Proper management of these expenses is crucial for both landlords and tenants. For landlords, it ensures the property remains attractive and well-maintained, potentially increasing its value and attracting desirable tenants. For tenants, understanding these charges allows for accurate budgeting and avoids unexpected financial burdens. Historically, disputes over the allocation and justification of these costs have led to increased scrutiny and more transparent lease agreements.

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