Movement of people across country borders for the purpose of establishing a new residence is a core concept in population geography. This phenomenon encompasses individuals, families, and groups relocating from their country of origin to a different nation, intending to reside there permanently or for an extended period. An example would be a family from Mexico moving to Canada to seek employment opportunities and build a new life.
This type of population movement significantly impacts both sending and receiving countries. It influences demographics, labor markets, economies, and cultures. Historically, large-scale instances have been driven by factors such as economic disparities, political instability, conflict, and environmental change. Understanding these drivers and their consequences is crucial for addressing challenges and opportunities associated with globalization and development.