The articulation and implementation of a nation-state’s goals in its interactions with the external world encompass a complex set of strategies, principles, and actions. These actions are designed to safeguard national interests, project influence, and foster cooperation or manage conflict within the international system. For instance, a country’s approach to trade agreements, diplomatic alliances, or military interventions would fall under this umbrella.
These guiding principles and associated actions are crucial for ensuring national security, promoting economic prosperity, and advancing values on a global scale. Historically, these strategies have evolved alongside shifts in the global balance of power, technological advancements, and changing societal norms, constantly adapting to new challenges and opportunities.